We achieve the repetitively same distances by avoiding measuring and instead focusing on transferring the distance. How we transfer the distance does not matter that much and there are many good ways to transfer a distance to a set-up. The importance is that it is done in a way where we can easily see or feel if the wanted distance is achieved.
In the picture can be seen how this can be done on the Leigh. It was previously described how to route the mortise at the end, using the vertical wooden stop bit as a reference . In this picture is seen how the very same stop bit is still used as a reference, and as a reference to the very same end on the bit being routed. It is important to keep using the same end of the bit being routed as reference, so errors in measurements do not multiply. Every new measurement starts from the end. Thus, previous errors in measurements do not affect the next.